Critical Response to the Musical Score of Alexander Nevsky

by Robyn Lugg

As a visual arts instructor, I felt the only way that I could respond to the musical score of Alexander Nevsky by Sergei Prokofieff was how the music corresponded with the visual images. After listening to movements two and three several times, I found myself mentally forming the images from the film I had viewed three days before.

The second movement accompanies the scenes of old battle grounds with skeletons of humans and horses. The camera pans the desolate foreground and the music is melancholy and slow. I also got a feeling that something was terribly wrong. The voices are added and the rhythm seems faster. The lyrics describe a famous battle and as the male voices become stronger, the lyrics emphasize the strength used to win the battle. The music becomes very rich and full. I am reminded of the powerful patriotic music I have heard in other films. I was not surprised to read in the history of the making of Alexander Nevsky that shortly before World War II, Joseph Stalin commissioned Sergei Eisenstein to direct a popular film that would excite Russian patriotism. A feeling of patriotism is the mood the music expresses during this part of the second movement. Eisenstein was so successful in making this patriotic film, that Alexander Nevsky was taken out of circulation during a brief alliance with Germany. When Germany did invade Russia, the movie was reissued.

The third movement, entitled " The Crusaders in Pskov ", has a completely different feeling and mood. This music describes the burning of this town of Pskov by Teutonic knights. The very first part of this movement is very dark and foreboding, like something dreadful is going to happen. This sound is repeated so the listeners know that indeed something very bad is going to happen. In the film, the Teutonic knights are shown hanging old men, throwing babies into a fire, and taking over the town in great numbers. The villain of the film, the Teutonic leader, is surprisingly blond, good looking and dressed in white. There is a monk , dressed in a black hooded robe playing an organ, who fits the description of a typical villain. The mood of the music gradually changes from dark and foreboding to a feeling of extreme hopelessness and desperation. This part of this movement reminded me of the music in Schindler's List, when scenes of Jewish people were being herded from trains into concentration camps and the next image was ashes coming from the huge chimneys. That film was very powerful and the music with those images will be with me forever. I think it is very interesting that the music written for this film, completed in 1938, would remind me of a film about a terrible time in history in Germany around 1938.

The second and third movement are very different. The second has mostly stringed instruments, the rhythm is slower and the texture is smooth. The third movement is heavy with mostly brass instruments, drums and cymbals. The male voices are very strong and suggest a feeling of masculine power. There are Latin lyrics in this movement that are not translated. I thought the reason was the words describing these terrible Teutonic people were so bad that they could not be translated into English. I consulted a Latin teacher in our group and she explained to me that the Latin words did not make sense when translated into English. She loosely translated the lyrics, "an event concerning death was about to happen."

While watching the film, Alexander Nevsky. I was reminded of other films:, Conan the Barbarian, Spartacus and Braveheart. All of these films contain a hero leader, the bad guys that must be conquered, epic battle scenes, love interests, a feeling of patriotism or goodness over evil and very beautiful music composed to make the viewer enjoy the visual images and excite his/her emotions.